Landscape of novel coronavirus candidate vaccine development worldwide

ON 13 August 2021

Summary

110 – Number of vaccines in clinical development

184 – Number of vaccines in pre-clinical development

Candidates in clinical phase . 3 leading platforms

PS	Protein subunit	37	34%
VVnr	Viral Vector (non-replicating)	17	15%
DNA	DNA	10	9%

Number of doses, schedule and route of administration of candidates in clinical phase

Landscape of candidate vaccines in clinical development

ID	Vaccine platform acronym	Vaccine platform description	Type of candidate vaccine	Number of doses	Schedule	Developers	Phase
1	IV	Inactivated virus	CoronaVac; inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (vero cell)	2	Day 0 + 14	Sinovac Research and Development Co., Ltd	Phase 4
2	IV	Inactivated virus	Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (Vero cell)	2	Day 0 + 21	Sinopharm + China National Biotec Group Co + Wuhan Institute of Biological Products	Phase 3
3	IV	Inactivated virus	Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (Vero cell), vaccine name BBIBP-CorV	2	Day 0 + 21	Sinopharm + China National Biotec Group Co + Beijing Institute of Biological Products	Phase 4
4	VVnr	Viral vector (Non-replicating)	ChAdOx1-S – (AZD1222)	1-2	Day 0 + 28	AstraZeneca + University of Oxford	Phase 4
			Covishield
			Vaxzevria
				1-2	Day 0 + 28	University of Oxford	Phase 1
5	VVnr	Viral vector (Non-replicating)	Recombinant novel coronavirus vaccine (Adenovirus type 5 vector)	1	Day 0	CanSino Biological Inc./Beijing Institute of Biotechnology	Phase 4
			Ad5-nCoV
6	VVnr	Viral vector (Non-replicating)	Gam-COVID-Vac Adeno-based (rAd26-S+rAd5-S)	2	Day 0 + 21	Gamaleya Research Institute ; Health Ministry of the Russian Federation	Phase 3
			Sputnik V COVID-19 vaccine
7	VVnr	Viral vector (Non-replicating)	Ad26.COV2.S	1-2	Day 0 or Day 0 +56	Janssen Pharmaceutical	Phase 4
8	PS	Protein subunit	SARS-CoV-2 rS/Matrix M1-Adjuvant (Full length recombinant SARS CoV-2 glycoprotein nanoparticle vaccine adjuvanted with Matrix M) NVX-CoV2373	2	Day 0 + 21	Novavax	Phase 3
9	RNA	RNA based vaccine	mRNA-1273	2	Day 0 + 28	Moderna + National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)	Phase 4
10	RNA	RNA based vaccine	BNT162b2 (3 LNP-mRNAs ), also known as “Comirnaty”	2	Day 0 + 21	Pfizer/BioNTech + Fosun Pharma	Phase 4
11	PS	Protein subunit	Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (CHO Cell)	2-3	Day 0 + 28 or Day 0 + 28 + 56	Anhui Zhifei Longcom Biopharmaceutical + Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences	Phase 3
12	RNA	RNA based vaccine	CVnCoV Vaccine	2	Day 0 + 28	CureVac AG	Phase 3
13	IV	Inactivated virus	SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (vero cells)	2	Day 0 + 28	Institute of Medical Biology + Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences	Phase 3
14	IV	Inactivated virus	QazCovid-in® – COVID-19 inactivated vaccine	2	Day 0 + 21	Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems, Rep of Kazakhstan	Phase 3
15	DNA	DNA based vaccine	INO-4800+electroporation	2	Day 0 + 28	Inovio Pharmaceuticals + International Vaccine Institute + Advaccine (Suzhou) Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd	Phase 2/3
16	DNA	DNA based vaccine	AG0301-COVID19	2	Day 0 + 14	AnGes + Takara Bio + Osaka University	Phase 2/3
17	DNA	DNA based vaccine	nCov vaccine	3	Day 0 + 28 + 56	Zydus Cadila	Phase 3
18	DNA	DNA based vaccine	GX-19N	2	Day 0 + 28	Genexine Consortium	Phase 1/2

19	IV	Inactivated virus	Whole-Virion Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine (BBV152); Covaxin	2	Day 0 + 14	Bharat Biotech International Limited	Phase 3
20	PS	Protein subunit	KBP-COVID-19 (RBD-based)	2	Day 0 + 21	Kentucky Bioprocessing Inc.	Phase 1/2
21	PS	Protein subunit	VAT00002: SARS-CoV-2 S protein with adjuvant	2	Day 0 + 21	Sanofi Pasteur + GSK	Phase 3
22	RNA	RNA based vaccine	ARCT-021	ND	ND	Arcturus Therapeutics	Phase 2

23	VLP	Virus like particle	RBD SARS-CoV-2 HBsAg VLP vaccine	2	Day 0 + 28	Serum Institute of India + Accelagen Pty + SpyBiotech	Phase 1/2
24	IV	Inactivated virus	Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (Vero cell)	2	Day 0 + 28	Shenzhen Kangtai Biological Products Co., Ltd.	Phase 3
25	VVnr	Viral vector (Non-replicating)	GRAd-COV2 (Replication defective Simian Adenovirus (GRAd) encoding S)	1	Day 0	ReiThera + Leukocare + Univercells	Phase 2/3
26	VVnr	Viral vector (Non-replicating)	VXA-CoV2-1 Ad5 adjuvanted Oral Vaccine platform	2	Day 0 + 28	Vaxart	Phase 1
27	VVnr	Viral vector (Non-replicating)	MVA-SARS-2-S	2	Day 0 + 28	University of Munich (Ludwig-Maximilians)	Phase 1
28	PS	Protein subunit	SCB-2019 + AS03 or CpG 1018 adjuvant plus Alum adjuvant (Trimeric subunit Spike Protein vaccine)	2	Day 0 + 21	Clover Biopharmaceuticals Inc./GSK/Dynavax	Phase 2/3
29	PS	Protein subunit	COVAX-19® Recombinant spike protein + adjuvant	1	Day 0 + 21	Vaxine Pty Ltd./CinnaGen Co.	Phase 2
			SPIKOGEN®
30	PS	Protein subunit	MVC-COV1901 (Spike-2P protein + adjuvant CpG 1018)	2	Day 0 + 28	Medigen Vaccine Biologics + Dynavax + National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)	Phase 2
31	PS	Protein subunit	FINLAY-FR1 anti-SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine (RBD + adjuvant)	2	Day 0 + 28	Instituto Finlay de Vacunas	Phase 2
32	PS	Protein subunit	FINLAY-FR-2 anti-SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine (RBD chemically conjugated to tetanus toxoid plus adjuvant)	2	Day 0 + 28	Instituto Finlay de Vacunas	Phase 3
33	PS	Protein subunit	EpiVacCorona (EpiVacCorona vaccine based on peptide antigens for the prevention of COVID-19)	2	Day 0 + 21	Federal Budgetary Research Institution State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector”	Phase 3
34	PS	Protein subunit	RBD (baculovirus production expressed in Sf9 cells) Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (Sf9 Cell)	2	Day 0 + 28	West China Hospital + Sichuan University	Phase 3
35	PS	Protein subunit	IMP CoVac-1 (SARS-CoV-2 HLA-DR peptides)	1	Day 0	University Hospital Tuebingen	Phase 1/2
36	PS	Protein subunit	UB-612 (Multitope peptide based S1-RBD-protein based vaccine)	2	Day 0 + 28	Vaxxinity	Phase 2/3
		Viral vector (Replicating)	V591-001 – Measles-vector based (TMV-o38)	1-2	Day 0 + 28	Merck & Co. + Themis + Sharp & Dohme + Institute Pasteur + University of Pittsburgh	Phase 1/2
37	VVr	Viral vector (Replicating)	DelNS1-2019-nCoV-RBD-OPT1 (Intranasal flu-based-RBD )	2	Day 0 + 28	University of Hong Kong, Xiamen University and Beijing Wantai Biological Pharmacy	Phase 2
38	RNA	RNA based vaccine	LNP-nCoVsaRNA	2	ND	Imperial College London	Phase 1
39	RNA	RNA based vaccine	SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine (ARCoV)	2	Day 0 + 14 or Day 0 + 28	Academy of Military Science (AMS), Walvax Biotechnology and Suzhou Abogen Biosciences	Phase 3
40	VLP	Virus like particle	Coronavirus-Like Particle COVID-19 (CoVLP)	2	Day 0 + 21	Medicago Inc.	Phase 2/3
41	VVr + APC	Viral vector (Replicating) + APC	Covid-19/aAPC vaccine. The Covid-19/aAPC vaccine is prepared by applying lentivirus modification with immune modulatory genes and the viral minigenes to the artificial antigen presenting cells (aAPCs).	3	Day 0 + 14 + 28	Shenzhen Geno-Immune Medical Institute	Phase 1
42	VVnr + APC	Viral vector (Non-replicating) + APC	LV-SMENP-DC vaccine. Dendritic cells are modified with lentivirus vectors expressing Covid-19 minigene SMENP and immune modulatory genes. CTLs are activated by LV-DC presenting Covid-19 specific antigens.	1	Day 0	Shenzhen Geno-Immune Medical Institute	Phase 1/2
43	PS	Protein subunit	AdimrSC-2f (recombinant RBD +/- Aluminium)	ND	ND	Adimmune Corporation	Phase 1
44	DNA	DNA based vaccine	Covigenix VAX-001 – DNA vaccines + proteo-lipid vehicle (PLV) formulation	2	Day 0 + 14	Entos Pharmaceuticals Inc.	Phase 1
45	DNA	DNA based vaccine	CORVax – Spike (S) Protein Plasmid DNA Vaccine	2	Day 0 + 14	Providence Health & Services	Phase 1
46	RNA	RNA based vaccine	ChulaCov19 mRNA vaccine	2	Day 0 + 21	Chulalongkorn University	Phase 1
47	DNA	DNA based vaccine	bacTRL-Spike oral DNA vaccine	1	Day 0	Symvivo Corporation	Phase 1
48	VVnr	Viral vector (Non-replicating)	Human Adenovirus Type 5: hAd5 S+N bivalent vaccine (S-Fusion + N-ETSD). E2b- Deleted Adeno.	1-2	Day 0 + 21	ImmunityBio, Inc	Phase 1/2
49	VVnr	Viral vector (Non-replicating)	COH04S1 (MVA-SARS-2-S) – Modified vaccinia ankara (sMVA) platform + synthetic SARS-CoV-2	1-2	Day 0 + 28	City of Hope Medical Center + National Cancer Institute	Phase 1
50	VVr	Viral vector (Replicating)	rVSV-SARS-CoV-2-S Vaccine	1	Day 0	Israel Institute for Biological Research	Phase 1/2
51	VVr + APC	Viral vector (Replicating) + APC	Dendritic cell vaccine AV-COVID-19. A vaccine consisting of autologous dendritic cells loaded with antigens from SARS-CoV-2, with or without GM-CSF	1	Day 0	Aivita Biomedical, Inc. National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia	Phase 1/2
52	LAV	Live attenuated virus	COVI-VAC	1-2	Day 0 or Day 0 + 28	Codagenix/Serum Institute of India	Phase 1
53	PS	Protein subunit	CIGB-669 (RBD+AgnHB)	3	Day 0 + 14 + 28 or Day 0 +28 + 56	Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB)	Phase 1/2
54	PS	Protein subunit	CIGB-66 (RBD+aluminium hydroxide)	3	Day 0 + 14 + 28 or Day 0 +28 + 56	Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB)	Phase 3
55	IV	Inactivated Virus	VLA2001	2	Day 0 + 21	Valneva, National Institute for Health Research, United Kingdom	Phase 3

56	PS	Protein subunit	BECOV2	2	Day 0 + 28	Biological E. Limited	Phase 1/2
57	VVnr	Viral vector (Non-replicating)	AdCLD-CoV19 (adenovirus vector)	1	Day 0	Cellid Co., Ltd.	Phase 1/2
58	DNA	DNA based vaccine	GLS-5310	2	Day 0 + 56 or Day 0 + 84	GeneOne Life Science, Inc.	Phase 1/2
59	PS	Protein subunit	Recombinant Sars-CoV-2 Spike protein, Aluminum adjuvanted (Nanocovax)	2	Day 0 + 21	Nanogen Pharmaceutical Biotechnology	Phase 3

60	PS	Protein subunit	Recombinant protein vaccine S-268019 (using Baculovirus expression vector system)	2	Day 0 + 21	Shionogi	Phase 1/2
		Viral vector (Non-replicating)	AdCOVID, Adenovirus-based platform expresses receptor-binding domain (RBD) of spike protein	1-2	Day 0	Altimmune, Inc.	Phase 1
61	PS	Protein subunit	SARS-CoV-2-RBD-Fc fusion protein	1-2		University Medical Center Groningen + Akston Biosciences Inc.	Phase 1/2
62	IV	Inactivated Virus	ERUCOV-VAC, inactivated virus	2	Day 0 + 21	Erciyes University, Turkey	Phase 3
63	PS	Protein subunit	COVAC-1 and COVAC-2 sub-unit vaccine (spike protein) + SWE adjuvant	2	Day 0 + 28	University of Saskatchewan	Phase 1/2
64	PS	Protein subunit	GBP510, a recombinant surface protein vaccine with adjuvant AS03 (aluminium hydroxide)	2	Day 0 + 28	SK Bioscience Co., Ltd. and CEPI	Phase 1/2
65	PS	Protein subunit	Razi Cov Pars, recombinant spike protein	3	Day 0 + 21 +51	Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute	Phase 2
66	IV	Inactivated Virus	COVID-19 inactivated vaccine	2	Day 0 + 14	Shifa Pharmed Industrial Co	Phase 2/3
67	PS	Protein subunit	MF59 adjuvanted SARS-CoV-2 Sclamp vaccine	2	Day 0 + 28	The University of Queensland	Phase 1
68	DNA	DNA based vaccine	COVIGEN	2	Day 0 + 28	University of Sydney, Bionet Co., Ltd Technovalia	Phase 1
69	DNA	DNA based vaccine	COVID-eVax, a candidate plasmid DNA vaccine of the Spike protein	2	Day 0 + 28	Takis + Rottapharm Biotech	Phase 1/2
70	VVnr	Viral vector (Non-replicating)	BBV154, Adenoviral vector COVID-19 vaccine	1	Day 0	Bharat Biotech International Limited	Phase 1
71	RNA	RNA based vaccine	PTX-COVID19-B, mRNA vaccine	2	Day 0 + 28	Providence Therapeutics	Phase 1
72	IV	Inactivated virus	Inactivated (NDV-based) chimeric vaccine with or without the adjuvant CpG 1018	2	Day 0 + 28	The Government Pharmaceutical Organization (GPO); PATH; Dynavax	Phase 1/2
73	RNA	RNA based vaccine	CoV2 SAM (LNP) vaccine. A self-amplifying mRNA (SAM) lipid nanoparticle (LNP) platform + Spike antigen	2	Day 0 + 30	GlaxoSmithKline	Phase 1
74	VLP	Virus like particle	VBI-2902a. An enveloped virus-like particle (eVLP) of SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) glycoprotein and aluminum phosphate adjuvant.	2	Day 0 + 28	VBI Vaccines Inc.	Phase 1/2
75	PS	Protein subunit	SK SARS-CoV-2 recombinant surface antigen protein subunit (NBP2001) + adjuvanted with alum.	2	Day 0 + 28	SK Bioscience Co., Ltd.	Phase 1
76	VVnr	Viral vector (Non-replicating)	Chimpanzee Adenovirus serotype 68 (ChAd) and self-amplifying mRNA (SAM) vectors expressing spike alone, or spike plus additional SARS-CoV-2 T cell epitopes.	2-3	Day 0 + 14 + 28 or Day 0 +28 + 56 or Day 0 + 112	Gritstone Oncology	Phase 1
77	RNA	RNA based vaccine	mRNA-1273.351. A lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-encapsulated mRNA-based vaccine that encodes for a full-length, prefusion stabilized S protein of the SARS-CoV-2 B.1.351 variant.	3	Day 0 or Day 0 + 28 or Day 56	Moderna + National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)	Phase 4

78	PS	Protein subunit	SpFN (spike ferritin nanoparticle) uses spike proteins with a liposomal formulation QS21 (ALFQ) adjuvant.	2-3	Day 0 + 28 + 180	Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR)	Phase 1
79	PS	Protein subunit	EuCorVac-19; A spike protein using the recombinant protein technology and with an adjuvant.	2	Day 0 + 21	POP Biotechnologies and EuBiologics Co.,Ltd	Phase 1/2
80	IV	Inactivated virus	Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine FAKHRAVAC (MIVAC)	2	Day 0 + 14 +/- 21	Organization of Defensive Innovation and Research	Phase 1
81	LAV	Live attenuated virus	MV-014-212, a live attenuated vaccine that expresses the spike (S) protein of SARS-CoV-2	1	Day 0	Meissa Vaccines, Inc.	Phase 1
82	RNA	RNA based vaccine	MRT5500, an mRNA vaccine candidate	2	Day 0 + 21	Sanofi Pasteur and Translate Bio	Phase 2
83	VLP	Virus like particle	SARS-CoV-2 VLP Vaccine	2	Day 0	The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey	Phase 2
			Vaccine-Wuhan; Vaccine-Alpha variant; Vaccine-Wuhan+Alpha variant
84	PS	Protein subunit	ReCOV: Recombinant two-component spike and RBD protein COVID-19 vaccine (CHO cell).	2	Day 0 + 21	Jiangsu Rec-Biotechnology	Phase 1
85	RNA	RNA based vaccine	DS-5670a, mRNA vaccine	2		Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd.	Phase 1/2
86	IV	Inactivated Virus	Koçak-19 Inactivated adjuvant COVID-19 viral vaccine	2	Day 0 + 21	Kocak Farma, Turkey	Phase 1
87	VVnr	Viral vector (Non-replicating)	COVIVAC. Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) expressing membrane-anchored pre-fusion-stabilized trimeric SARS-CoV-2 S protein +/- adjuvant CpG 1018	2	Day 0 + 28	Institute of Vaccines and Medical Biologicals, Vietnam	Phase 1/2
88	VVnr	Viral vector (Non-replicating)	SC-Ad6-1, Adneviral vector vaccine	1-2	Day 0 +/- 21	Tetherex Pharmaceuticals Corporation	Phase 1
89	VLP	Virus like particle	ABNCoV2 capsid virus-like particle (cVLP) +/- adjuvant MF59	2	Day 0 + 28	Radboud University	Phase 1
90	PS	Protein subunit	Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 Fusion Protein Vaccine (V-01)	2	Day 0 + 21	Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention/Gaozhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention	Phase 2
91	RNA	RNA based vaccine	HDT-301: Self-replicating mRNA vaccine formulated as a lipid nanoparticle.	2	Day 0 + 28	SENAI CIMATEC	Phase 1
92	IV	Inactivated Virus	Adjuvanted inactivated vaccine against SARS-CoV-2	2	Day 0 + 21	The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TÜBITAK)	Phase 1
93	RNA	RNA based vaccine	mRNA-1283	2	Day 0 + 28	ModernaTX, Inc.	Phase 1
94	PS	Protein subunit	Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine (CHO cell)	2	Day 0	National Vaccine and Serum Institute, China	Phase 1/2
95	RNA	RNA based vaccine	EXG-5003; a temperature-sensitive self-replicating RNA vaccine expressing the receptor binding domain of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein.	1	Day 0	Elixirgen Therapeutics, Inc	Phase 1/2
96	IV	Inactivated Virus	Inactivated COVID-19 vaccine	2	Day 0 + 28	KM Biologics Co., Ltd.	Phase 1/2
97	IV	Inactivated Virus	Live recombinant Newcastle Disease Virus (rNDV) vector vaccine	2	Day 0 + 21	Laboratorio Avi-Mex	Phase 1
98	RNA	RNA based vaccine	mRNA COVID-19 vaccine	2	TBD	Shanghai East Hospital and Stemirna Therapeutics	Phase 1
99	PS	Protein subunit	CoVepiT vaccine: SARS-CoV-2 multi-target peptide vaccine (targeting Spike, M, N, and several non-structural proteins)	1-2	Day 0 +/- 21	OSE Immunotherapeutics	Phase 1
100	VVnr	Viral vector (Non-replicating)	Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara (MVA) vector expressing a stabilized SARS-CoV-2 spike protein	2	Day 0 + 28	German Center for Infection Research	Phase 1/2
101	PS	Protein subunit	CoV2-OGEN1, protein-based vaccine	1-2	Day 0 +/- 14	USSF/Vaxform	Phase 1
102	PS	Protein subunit	QazCoVac-P – COVID-19 Subunit Vaccine	1-2	Day 0 + 21	Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems	Phase 1/2
103	RNA	RNA based vaccine	LNP-nCOV saRNA-02 vaccine; Self-amplifying RNA (saRNA) encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles (LNP)	2	Day 0 + 28	MRC/UVRI and LSHTM Uganda Research Unit	Phase 1
104	RNA	RNA based vaccine	mRNA-1273.211. A multivalent booster candidate combining mRNA-1273 plus mRNA-1273.351.	1	Day 0	ModernaTX, Inc.	Phase 2/3
105	PS	Protein subunit	RBD protein recombinant SARS-CoV-2 vaccine	3	Day 0 + 21 + 35	Bagheiat-allah University of Medical Sciences	Phase 1
106	PS	Protein subunit	Baiya SARS-CoV-2 VAX1, a plant-based subunit vaccine (RBD-Fc + adjuvant)	2	Day 0 + 21	Baiya Phytopharm Co., Ltd.	Phase 1
107	PS	Protein subunit	SCB-2020S, an adjuvanted recombinant SARS-CoV-2 trimeric S-protein (from B.1.351 variant)	2	Day 0 + 21	Clover Biopharmaceuticals AUS Pty Ltd	Phase 2
108	VVnr	Viral vector (Non-replicating)	PIV5 vector that encodes the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein	1	Day 0	CyanVac LLC	Phase 1
109	VVnr	Viral vector (Non-replicating)	AZD2816; adenoviral vector ChAdOx platform and based on the Beta (B.1.351) variant	2	Day 0 + 28	AstraZeneca + University of Oxford	Phase 2/3
110	PS	Protein subunit	202-CoV; SARS-CoV-2 spike trimer protein + adjuvant, CpG7909.	2	Day 0 + 28	Shanghai Zerun Biotechnology + Walvax Biotechnology + CEPI	Phase 1